September 12, 2025 — The Australian government has given approval for the extension of Woodside Energy’s North West Shelf gas project until 2070, in a move that has drawn both support and sharp criticism. The decision secures one of the country’s largest fossil fuel operations for decades to come but also places it in direct tension with Australia’s climate commitments and the protection of Indigenous cultural heritage.

The North West Shelf project, located off the coast of Western Australia, has been a cornerstone of the nation’s energy industry since the 1980s. It supplies liquefied natural gas (LNG) to both domestic and international markets and contributes billions to the national economy. Under the new extension, the project will continue operating for another 45 years.

However, the site sits close to Murujuga, a region that hosts more than one million ancient rock art engravings, recently listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The government included “partial protections” for this cultural heritage in its approval, but campaigners argue these measures fall short. Critics warn that industrial activity, including emissions and potential environmental damage, threatens the survival of the priceless rock art.

The approval also comes with requirements for emissions reduction, reflecting Australia’s broader pledge to cut carbon output. Still, climate activists say the move undermines global efforts to transition away from fossil fuels. Extending operations until 2070, they argue, locks Australia into decades of greenhouse gas emissions inconsistent with international climate targets.

Environmental groups described the decision as “a step backward,” emphasizing that investments should instead flow toward renewable energy projects. Indigenous leaders expressed frustration at the lack of stronger safeguards for Murujuga, noting that once the cultural heritage is damaged, it cannot be restored.

Woodside, meanwhile, defended the project, saying it would continue to operate responsibly and contribute to energy security while supporting thousands of jobs. A company spokesperson highlighted commitments to emissions reduction and community consultation, adding that LNG remains vital for global energy markets.

The controversy underscores the difficult balance between economic growth, cultural preservation, and climate responsibility. For now, Australia finds itself at the center of a global debate on whether nations can continue expanding fossil fuel projects while still claiming leadership in the fight against climate change.